The ASA citation style is typically used by scholars in the field of Sociology.
The 7th ed. (2022) of the ASA manual is the most current edition in use.
Books
Basic Format
- Indent second and subsequent lines.
- Only use a state abbreviation if the city name is not clear. For example, Los Angeles is well known, therefore do not include CA for California.
- List all authors/editors up to 10. For more than 10, list the first 7 followed by et al.
Single author
Gabriel, Norman. 2017. The Sociology of Early Childhood: Critical Perspectives. Los Angeles: Sage.
Edited volume
Featherstone, Mark, ed. 2021. The Sociology of Debt. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.
Chapters from books
Myers, Jr., Samuel L. 2017. "What Have We Learned About Incarceration and Race? Lessons From Thirty Years of Research." Pp. 111-21 in Policing and Race in America: Economic, Political, and Social Dynamics, edited by James D. Ward, Jared Ellison, Maria J. Albo, Britt S. Aliperti, Christine Barrow, Domonic Bearfield, Sharlene Graham Boltz, et al. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
Periodicals
Basic Format
- Magazine, journal, and newspaper articles found in print or online follow the basic format with a few exceptions noted below.
- Include the volume and issue numbers if they are available.
- Include the URL when using a newspaper or magazine article found online.
- Include the DOI (digital object identifier) when it is available.
- For articles published online before the official publication date (e.g. these will be labeled "published online" or "online first" or "pre-pub" or "early view"), use the posted publication date. These also will generally not yet have a designated volume or issue number, but they will have a DOI.
Example:
Vitikainen, Annamari, and Patti Tamara Lenard. 2024. "The Role of Trust in LGBTQ+ Refugee Status Determination (RSD) System." Journal of Social Philosophy, first published on November 3, 2024 as https://doi.org/10.1111/josp.12596.
Magazine Articles
Elsayyed, Haya. 2024. "I escaped Gaza and sent my family to Egypt. Now, my goal is to reunite with them in Canada." Maclean's 137(9): 90.
Newspaper Articles
Stevenson, Alexandra, and Zixu Wang. 2024. "China Told Women to Have Babies, but Its Population Shrank Again." New York Times, January 16. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/16/business/china-birth-rate-2023.html.
Journal Articles
Rejaän, Zoë, Inge E. van der Valk, and Susan Branje. 2024. "Adolescents' Belonging in Post-Divorce Families: Examining Residential and Digital Contact with Mothers and Fathers." Journal of Research on Adolescence 34(2): 568-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12920.
ASA Style Guide by 